Punnett squares are a tool used for Genetics. Punnett squares are used to predict what your child may look like or different muscles that are not necessarily there. For example, a child with dark hair could have a mother with blonde hair and a father with dark hair. Dark hair is the dominant phenotype other than light or blonde hair.
     Punnett squares are easily functional for about anyone to use. In the punnett square below, the dominant "R" falls down into the boxes below it. The recessive "r" goes to the right into the squares beside it. It's very simple to use if you know how to.
 
In Science class, each student was given an animal puppet that they had to play in their group's adaptation puppet show. In my group, there's a moose, a lady bug, a green sea turtle, and a beaver. I'm the beaver. I already did some research on beavers so I know how they act, at least to some degree. I'm going to entertain my guests with the tail and teeth adaptations.

Beavers' front teeth, or buck teeth, are always growing so they have to chew on wood to keep they down to size. Beavers also use the wood they chew to make their dams. The flat tails on beavers are used for patting mud into to the cracks and holes around the wood. Their homes are water tight and the entrance is underwater, a form of protection against predators.
 
Last quarter in Science Class, I can't really remember anything I really had trouble with. I honestly don't remember having trouble learning anything. Maybe remembering to read something, but not learning anything. Science makes sense to me somehow that my other classes don't. Science just seems as if, I just know it. It's weird, I don't really study, but I learn what I need to. My parents were both surprised to see my Science grade was an A. It's just a little weird to me.


In Language Arts, I learn it quickly by practicing it in my own writing I do at home. Computers is easy since my parents and I are all computer-addicted. Art is something I've been practicing since I was little. Physical Education is fun for the first time in a while and when something is fun, I learn it easier.
 
Many young children believe in Santa Clause, Saint Nicolas, or Chris Kringle, a fictional character believed by most adults. I believe, from what my mother told me, that Santa does exist in spirit. She told met that it probably started out with a man in a village who gave out toys to good kids and lumps of coal to bad kids. Logically, the man died a long time ago, due to age hopefully, and would not be able to pass around the whole world.


Now, if Santa is alive, scientifically speaking, he should die from the sheer force of 4,315,015 pounds pushing against him as he flies through the sky. Reindeer, as we know them, do not fly. They stay on the ground, but there is a good amount of species of organisms to be discovered, which doesn't rule out flying reindeer. If reindeer could fly and carry Santa, an overweight man, (plus a sleigh, and don't get me started on the presents), they'd have to be extremely strong. Finally, the reindeer would have to fly at 3,000 times the speed of sound. They'd most likely burst into flames like a meteor through the Earth's atmosphere.
 
DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder inside of a cell's nucleus. When a cell replicates, DNA splits down the middle of the "rungs" of its ladder. It then makes the rest of the rungs as it splits. Basically, when DNA replicates, it takes on a "Y" shape, but in a twisted ladder form.


The further the DNA splits, the more it replicates. When it finally runs out of ladder, it simply finishes making the rest of the rungs. Viola, it's done replicating!
 
Cells are extremely small things that are in our bodies, animals, plants, and bacteria. Each type of cell (the previous list) is different, but each have a basic structure. There is more than just that, though, there are also two, larger group varities in cells, Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells. Most cells in the present are Eukaryotic, but bacteria are Prokaryotic. Animal and Plant cells both have cell membranes, ribosomes, a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and DNA.

Prokaryotic cells also have DNA and ribosomes, but do not have a nucleus or a cell membrane. Prokaryotic cells are less advanced than Eukaryotic cells in evolution.
dot dot dot
 
This "eddible cell" was a project we had to do in class. We had to create a cell out of food, and let me tell you, my team's cell nearly made me vomit. It was just sugar on top of sugar. The base was frosting, the cell wall was frosting, there was Fruit Roll Up for the cell membrane, the ribosomes were Gushers, the endoplasmic reticulum was Sour Punch, the nucleus was a chocolate chip cookie, the DNA was sprinkles,  and last but not least, the nucleolus was a piece of chocolate. It looked disgusting, and I didn't even touch it when my team got the okay to eat it.

I did learn more about what a cell looks like at least. Making it helped me understand what different parts of the cell did, too. I got the point that the cell wall was supposed to keep the cell safe though from the book, that's just because my teams cell wall was frosting and very unsturdy though.

This project was a great learning expierience and should still be done in the years to come. Just try to make sure that the materials they use, are right for the job, you don't want another frosting attack.
 
In Science Class we had to record data on how baby rats grow. I couldn't find a ratio, but I know it changes (reason why I couldn't find a ratio). They constantly got bigger and larger, just as kids do, and soon became adults. Much faster than kids, I might add. It was interesting to see them grow, and entertaining to see my partner get very attached to our rat.
 
My favorite science activity was the egg in a bottle trick. It was fun, and it was just very amusing seeing the class try to come up with the answer. I learned more about air pressure with this activity.
 
A prokaryote is a cell that is more primitive than an eukaryote. A prokaryote is a cell that's only found in bacteria. An eukaryote is a more advanced cell that's found in human beings and other living things, minus bacteria. A prokaryote also doesn't have a nucleus, where as an eukaryote does. A prokaryote doesn't have any organelles, cell walls, or a nuclelosus(sp? You know what I mean, right?), but an eukaryote does. There are more differences but can't think of anymore than the obvious right now.